Dynamic study of crowds

The SHRAIL division of D&T offers engineering services for the study of crowd dynamics based on the experience of a team of specialists and use of the SimuGENS proprietary software.

SimuGENS can simulate the behaviour of individuals in large groups (also in the case of tens of thousands of people), modelling constraints and other typical elements of the conditions of crowds (signs, dangers, directions) in 3D space, importing the geometries directly from CAD and displaying the crowd dynamics in both two dimensions and 3D.

SimuGENS is a constantly evolving simulator tailored to meet the needs of Customers and the specific aspects of individual study projects.

It facilitates the interpretation of results in graphs, colour charts, 3D representations and digital videos.

In SimuGENS, the crowd is represented by individuals (agents) following a partial behaviour model; space is continuous, without the limits imposed by grid or cell structures. The following can, therefore, be accurately represented:

arbitrary environments (buildings, corridors, roads, docks, ...);
complex obstacles (walls, handrails, barriers, controlled access, vegetation, ...) ;
large spaces (stations, city districts, areas for outdoor concerts, exhibition areas for fairs, ...).

The mathematical model of our software consists of the following elements:

CROWD

the crowd is represented by one or more groups of individuals. Each group may have different characteristics, behaviours, intentions, origins and destinations;
INDIVIDUALS

each individual is represented by a cylinder with characteristics of volume, mass, maximum speed, behavioural handicaps. Each individual interacts with other individuals by means of nonlinear contact forces that act within a characteristic radius, creating resistance to crushing and contributing to pressure on the individual;
WALLS

individuals are constrained by barriers of arbitrary shapes which can represent: rigid or non-rigid walls, masonry, barriers, awnings, rigid or non-rigid transparent walls, gates, windows, vegetation;
POLES

individuals are influenced by elements (poles): attractors, repulsors, or other that encourage movement. Poles can be: visual indications, signs, emergency lights, exits, visible dangers such as flames, threats, signs; generic destinations, directions, destinations, or audio announcements. Poles can arbitrarily affect one or more groups of people and may be: permanent or waypoints. The poles can be activated/deactivated at any time.

The results of our study can be viewed in both 2D and 3D: it is possible to view behaviour of the crowd in two dimensions (on a plane) and in real-time on the map, with clear and immediate representation of the parameters of interest such as pressure, speed, distance travelled, group of people; it is also possible to view a 3D simulation (Virtual Reality) in real time (and in keeping with the computing power).

Virtual cameras can also be used to simulate control monitors or set subjective views and observe the behaviour of a specific individual during simulation.

The software also allows for the export of simulated quantities in the form of data tables or graphs of significant results of analysis. In addition, qualitative/visual results can be exported in the form of static images or digital videos.

D&T Srl – Divisione SHRAIL Largo Promessi Sposi, 4 20142 MILANO P IVA 12709530153

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